YVO4 crystal Yttrium Orthovanadate

α-BBO (α-BaB2O4) is a negative uniaxial crystal which has large birefringence over a broad transparent range of 190nm to 3500nm. α-BBO is an excellent crystal especially in UV and high power applications. The physical, chemical, thermal, and optical properties of alpha-BBO crystal are similar to those of Beta-BBO. However, there is no second order nonlinear effect in alpha-BBO crystal due to the centrosymmetry in its crystal structure and thus it has no use for second order nonlinear optical processes. Instead, alpha-BBO is widely used for fabrication of polarizers, polarizing beam displacers, phase retarders, birefringent plates, and time delay compensators especially those for UV and high power lasers.

HGO grows Pr:YLF laser crystals using Czochralski technology. Pr3+:YLF has been found as promising laser material for producing visible lasers directly and UV lasers through intracavity second-harmonic generation. Very few laser materials have the necessary properties for the realization of lasing in the visible spectral range. Trivalent praseodymium (Pr3+) is known to be an interesting laser ion for use with solid-state lasers in the visible spectral range because of its energy levels scheme, providing several transitions in the red (640 nm, 3P0 to 3F2), orange (607 nm, 3P0 to 3H6), green (523 nm, 3P0 to 3H5), and dark red (720 nm, 3P0 3F3+3F4) spectral regions.

Calcium Fluoride windows and lenses for UV and IR spectrum. Custom made CaF2 windows, CaF2 lenses and wedges according to customer's specifications. CaF2 windows up to 220mm diameter; CaF2 wedges, prisms and CaF2 mirrors; Excimer CaF2 optics, Raman grade CaF2 optics and etc.

Nd:GdVO4, is a promising material for diode pumped lasers. Similar to the more well-known Nd:YVO4 crystal, Nd:GdVO4 crystal also exhibits high gain, low threshold, and high absorption coefficients at pumping wavelengths. Nd:GdVO4 has the additional advantage over Nd:YVO4 of a much higher thermal conductivity. For CW lasing at 1.06 um and 1.34 um and intracavity doubling with KTP and LBO, the gadolinium vanadate have produced a higher slope efficiency or optical conversion than Nd:YVO4.

Er: YAG (Erbium-doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet) is a solid-state crystal widely used as a laser medium in various medical and dental applications. It is made by doping erbium ions into yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) crystals and can emit laser light with a wavelength of approximately 2.94 micrometers in the infrared spectrum.

HGO grows Ho:YLF laser crystals using Czochralski technology. Ho:YLF is a very attractive laser material, because the lifetime of the upper laser level is much longer ( ~ 14 ms) than in Ho:YAG and the emission cross sections are higher. Additionally the thermal lens in Ho:YLF is much weaker, which helps to generate diffraction limited beams even under intense end-pumping. The primary advantage of directly pumping the Ho 5I7 is that it does not have to depend on energy transfer, which lends itself to various radiative and non-radiative losses. Up-conversion losses that have deleterious effect in high-energy Q-switched lasers are eliminated.

Double Convex Lenses are used in image relay applications, or for imaging objects at close conjugates. Double Convex Lenses have positive focal lengths, along with two convex surfaces with equal radii. Aberrations will increase as the conjugate ratios increase.  Double-Convex Lenses are used in a range of industries or applications. HG OPTRONICS offers Double Convex lenses with a variety of coating options.

MgF2 or Magnesium Fluoride is positive uni-axial crystal with a very high optical transmittance from the vacuum UV to IR. It is regularly used for optical elements where extreme ruggedness and durability is required. It also has a large resistance to mechanical and thermal shock, to optical radiation, and is chemically stable, making it a very useful materials for UV and IR optics.