Waveplate

Laser Lenses are used to focus collimated light from laser beams in a variety of laser applications. Laser Lenses include a range of lens types including HGQ Lenses, Cylinder Lenses, or Laser Generator Lenses. Laser Lenseare designed to focus light in several different ways depending on the lens type, such as focusing down to a point,a line, or a ring. Many different lens types are available in a range of wavelengths.

Ytterbium-doped Potassium Gadolinium Tungstate (Yb:KGd(WO₄)₂, Yb:KGW) crystal is an excellent laser gain material, boasting numerous advantages over the widely used Nd³⁺-doped materials. Its wide spectral emission band of 1023-1060 nm enables the generation of short laser pulses (picosecond or femtosecond level). The broad absorption band at 980 nm and highly absorbent pump radiation allow it to efficiently utilize diode laser pumping. Compared with YAG doped with Yb³⁺ ions, KGW crystal has a larger absorption cross-section, which reduces the minimum pump intensity required to achieve transparency in the quasi-two-level system of Yb.

The Positive Meniscus Lenses are a convex-concave lens, but it is thicker at the center than at the edges. They are felt polished and are used universally in the ophthalmic industry where convention dictates that lens power be specified in Diopters. The Negative Meniscus Lenses are a convex-concave lens, but it is thinner at the center than at the edges. Otherwise description is similar to Plano Concave lenses.  

α-BBO (α-BaB2O4) is a negative uniaxial crystal which has large birefringence over a broad transparent range of 190nm to 3500nm. α-BBO is an excellent crystal especially in UV and high power applications. The physical, chemical, thermal, and optical properties of alpha-BBO crystal are similar to those of Beta-BBO. However, there is no second order nonlinear effect in alpha-BBO crystal due to the centrosymmetry in its crystal structure and thus it has no use for second order nonlinear optical processes. Instead, alpha-BBO is widely used for fabrication of polarizers, polarizing beam displacers, phase retarders, birefringent plates, and time delay compensators especially those for UV and high power lasers.

Nd:YAG is the earliest and most famous laser host crystal. Since it combines great advantages in many basic properties,Nd:YAG is the ubiquitous presence for near-infrared solid-state lasers and their frequency-doubler, tripler, and higher order multiplier. It is widely used in industrial, medical, military and scientific fields.. Nd:YAG crystals are wildly used in all types of solid-state laser systems-frequency-doubled continuous wave, high-energy Q-switched, and so forth.Its good fluorescent lifetime thermal conductivity and physical strengths makes it suitable for high power lamp pumped laser.

Ti:Sapphire crystal is the most widely used tunable solid-state laser material combining the supreme physical and optical properties with the extremely broad lasing range. Its lasing bandwidth can support pulses < 10fs making it the crystal of choice for femtosecond mode-locked oscillators and amplifiers. The absorption band of Ti:Sapphire centers at ~ 490 nm so it may be conveniently pumped by various laser sources such as argon ion lasers or frequency doubled Nd:YAG, Nd:YLF, Nd:YVO4 lasers at ~530nm. Laser designers are using Ti:sapphire to generate femtosecond pulses to create new industrial tools. A properly delivered femtosecond laser pulse interacts within the target leaving the surrounding area undisturbed. Newly developed femtosecond pulsed lasers micro-machine complex fine structures in glass, metal and other materials. Active waveguides can be written below the surface, integrating optical devices within the body of a substrate. Defects in photomasks can be repaired without disturbing neighbouring patterns. And it is now possible to achieve cellular resolution in vivo for medical diagnosis with femtosecond pulse lasers.

Plano-convex circular cylindrical lenses are useful for line imaging or uni-axial magnification in a wide range of applications. These lenses may be combined with other lenses to form complex imaging systems.

HGO grows LiF crystals in house using Czochralski technology. LiF crystal or lithium fluoride crystal is an optical material with outstanding transmittance in VUV region. It is also used for windows, prisms, and lenses in the visible and infrared in 0.104µm-7µm. LiF single crystal is sensitive to thermal shock and would be attacked by atmospheric moisture at 400°C. When working at a high temperature of 600°C, the LiF crystal softens and is slightly plastic, so it can be bent into radius plates. In addition irradiation produces color centers. Hence, users should take measures to protect LiF crystals from moisture and high energy radiation damages. What is more LiF can be cleaved along (100) plane and less commonly (110) plane. The optical characteristics are good and yet the structure is not perfect and cleavage is difficult.